Review
18 January 2016 / 17 April 2024 by almaware
The literature on the nature and prevalence of indoor and/or outdoor aeroallergens, atopy and symptoms of rhinitis and asthma in the Middle East region (defined here as Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – KSA, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen) was reviewed. Although documentation was […]
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3 November 2015 / 17 April 2024 by almaware
Plant allergens, being one of the most widespread allergenic substances, are hard to avoid. Hence, their identification and characterization are of prime importance for the diagnosis and treatment of food allergy. The reported allergies to fruits mainly evoke oral allergy syndrome caused by the presence of cross-reactive IgE to certain pollens and thus, allergy to […]
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. The gold standard for diagnosis is patch testing. The prevalence of positive patch tests in referred patients with suspected ACD ranges from 27 to 95.6 %. The relationship between ACD and atopic dermatitis (AD) is complicated with conflicting reports of prevalence in the literature; […]
7 July 2015 / 17 April 2024 by almaware
Newly identified T helper cell 22 (Th22) is a subset of CD4+ T cells with specific properties apart from other known CD4+ T cell subsets. Th22 is obviously discrete from Th17 and Th1 subsets by production of interleukin (IL)-22 but not IL-17 or IFN-γ, and also with distinguished expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) as […]
10 November 2014 / 17 April 2024 by almaware
During the last years, along with the growing knowledge about the role and importance of the intestinal flora, interest remarkably increased in probiotic bacteria supplementation. It has indeed been demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota is very important in the regulation of several functions of the organism, even those far from the gastro-enteric system. Among them, […]
29 May 2014 / 17 April 2024 by almaware
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment able to act on the causes and not merely on the symptoms of allergy. AIT was introduced 100 years ago but remained an empirical treatment for more than 40 years, when the first controlled trial in 1954 opened the era of scientific evidence. A major advance was the […]
Anisakiasis, firstly described in 1960s in the Netherlands, is a fish-borne parasitic disease caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked fish or cephalopods contaminated by third stage (L3) larvae of the Anisakidae family, in particular Anisakis simplex (As),A. pegreffii and Pseudoterranova decipiens. Every year, approximately 20,000 cases of anisakiasis were reported worldwide, over 90% […]
Allergen specific immunotherapy remains the only means to change the natural history of allergic disease. Thanks to the recent advances in molecular biology a large spectrum of purified allergen molecules are presently routinely available for diagnostic purposes. This review represents a practical guide on how to use these new diagnostic tools in order to detect […]
28 May 2014 / 17 April 2024 by almaware
Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is considered the most easily available clinical test to indirectly assess the level of eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma, and to predict the efficacy of anti-inflammatory treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). It is possible to measure the level of exhaled NO using online or offline methods. The most widely used online […]
Several studies have demonstrated that the asthma prevalence is increased from the early sixties, with a growth concerning both children and adults in different countries with different ways of life. Other allergic diseases has increased all over the world too. Among the supposition suggested, we can find the air pollution and the Hygiene Hypothesis. Climate […]