Interference of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus sensitization in grass pollen allergy
S. López-Freire1, P. Méndez-Brea1, T. González-Fernández1, F. Gude2, C. Vidal carmen.vidal.pan@sergas.es1,3Show more: Author information and Publication History 1Allergy Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
2Clinical Epidemiology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago, Spain
3Spanish Network for Addictive Disorders (Red de Trastornos Adictivos, RD16/0017/0018), Santiago, Spain
History:
Published online: 12 June 2020
Accepted: 3 June 2020
Received: 17 May 2020
Doihttp://doi.org/10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.159SummaryBackground. Climate conditions in the northwest of Spain are from the rest of the country, and the pollen sensitisation rates and allergens involved are different. The present study aimed to investigate the sensitisation profile of patients with grass pollen allergy and the interference of other sensitisations in respiratory symptoms.
Methods. A total of 959 Spanish patients with seasonal respiratory symptoms and a positive skin prick test (SPT) to Phleum pratense pollen were studied. Patients were classified as having rhinitis and/or bronchial asthma. A battery of SPTs, including common weeds and tree pollens, profilin, polcalcin, moulds, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Lepidoglyphus destructor, and cat and dog dander were performed. Serum specific IgE (sIgE) to Phl p 1 and Phl p 5, adding sIgE to Phl p 7, Phl p 12 and house dust mites (HDMs) or other pollens in selected cases were measured.
Results. The majority (89.8%) of the patients were polysensitised according to SPT. HDM co-sensitisation was the most prevalent (62.3%). Profilin and polcalcin rendered a positive result in 25.9% and 18.7% of the patients, respectively. A higher proportion of patients recognized sIgE to Phl p 1 (88.7%) with respect to Phl p 5 (59%). Phl p 1-sIgE levels were higher than Phl p 5-sIgE levels, and no differences were found in patients with rhinitis and/or asthma. However, total serum IgE was higher in patients with asthma. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that only sIgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (after adjusting by sIgE to Phl p 1, Phl p 5 and Lepidoglyphus destructor) was associated with a greater risk of asthma.
Conclusions. Phl p 1 is the most relevant allergen in patients with grass pollen allergy in the northwest of Spain. Sensitisation rates against panallergens are low. Even in patients with grass pollen allergy, HDM sensitisation plays a relevant role in asthma.
Key wordsGrass pollen; asthma; rhinitis; molecular diagnosis; house dust mite
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